Graduation Term

Fall 2024

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Department

Department of Family and Consumer Sciences

Committee Chair

Jennifer Barnes

Committee Co-Chair

Seon Yoon Chung

Committee Member

Nathan Mortimer

Committee Member

Luke Russell

Committee Member

Julie Schumacher

Abstract

Background: With increased prevalence and mortality of chronic kidney disease (CKD), treatment by renal replacement therapy using hemodialysis (HD) has increased in parallel. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota play an important role in the progression of CKD; influential dietary factors have not been studied exhaustively to date.

Objective: To explore the relationships between dietary carotenoid intake, the abundance of specific gut microbiota, and symptom-related outcomes in patients with CKD on HD.

Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated the gut microbiota characteristics relative to carotenoid intake in CKD subjects on HD in central Illinois (n = 20). The Block Dialysis Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to measure carotenoid intake. Surveys collected CKD-related symptoms and demographic data. Stool samples were analyzed by means of high throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing to assess the relative abundance of microbial populations. Pearson r correlation and Spearman r correlation tests were used to identify significant relationships (p-value ≤ 0.05).

Results: Results showed that α-carotene was negatively associated with Holdemania and body mass index (BMI). ß-carotene was found to be positively associated with Bacteroides and Ruminococcus. It was negatively associated with Holdemania and BMI. Evidence illuminated that ß-cryptoxanthin was positively associated with Bacteroides and negatively associated with Holdemania and decreased appetite. Combined lutein and zeaxanthin are negatively associated with BMI.

Conclusions: Dietary carotenoid intake was associated with the appetite, BMI, and relative abundance of specific gut microbiota in patients with CKD on HD. These relationships highlight potential contributions of nutrition impacts on microbiota as they relate to the progression of CKD.

Access Type

Thesis-Open Access

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